In addition to its homemade rockets, Hamas has been receiving Iranian Fajr-5 rockets with a range of 75 kilometres for the past two years. Iran also supplies Hamas with Russian Kornet anti-tank missiles. Some missiles of the same type are also believed to have been acquired in Libya.

The main supply route for these weapons, whether from Iran or Libya, is via Sudan. The shipments then arrive overland in Egypt, where smuggling networks take charge of getting them into the Gaza Strip through the Hamas network of tunnels. According to our sources, the smugglers can pocket up to 35,000 dollars on the Egyptian side for each operation.

Another means of transfer is by sea: boats drop weapons off the Gaza Strip or, anchored in international waters, they release small containers picked up by Hamas fighters posing as fishermen or by Hamas’s elite frogmen unit. According to Tsahal, Israel has foiled more than 30 maritime smuggling attempts since 2022.